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| Medicine High Yield Notes | |
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Types of Tongues in Various Medical Conditions
by impactedmolar - 4506 reads, based on 17 votes
HUNTERS TONGUE/MOELLERS TONGUE------ PERNICIOUS ANAEMIA
BALD TONGUEOF SANDWITH-----------NIACIN DEFICIENCY(PELLAGRA)
MAGENTA OR BEEFY RED TONGUE-----------RIBOFLAVIN DEFICIENCY
STRAW BERRY(EARLY)AND RASBERRY(LATE)------SCARLET FEVER
SCROTAL TONGUE-----FISSUREE TONGUE...
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Signs in Meningitis
by parin - 2306 reads, based on 15 votes
Hi friends! Here are some of the clinical signs that are seen in meningitis. Some of them are quite common, however, some of them are quite rare......
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Medical Conditions affecting Nails
by DR.K.B.RAVVA. - 4475 reads, based on 11 votes
(1) Beau's lines
Beau's lines are indentations that run across your nails.They can appear when growth at the area under your cuticle is interrupted by injury or severe illness, such as a heart attack. Beau's lines may also be a sign of malnutrition
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Differentiating features of Leukemias (Leukaemias)
by Hanna - 2456 reads, based on 10 votes
I. Acute Leukaemias
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A. Lymphoblastic:
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-Accounts for 20% of all acute leukaemias.
-Accounts for 80% of childhood leukaemia.
-Peak incidence at age 4 years.
Most patients present with an acute illness of several days or less frequently, with tiredness or non-specific aches over several weeks or months.
-Clinical features can be grouped into: ...
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Congestive heart failure (CHF)
by Aashish - 1865 reads, based on 5 votes
Congestive heart failure (CHF) (also called heart failure) is the inability of the heart to pump blood effectively to the body, or requiring elevated filling pressures in order to pump effectively.
The term heart failure is frequently misused, especially when given as cause of death: it is not synonymous with "cessation of heartbeat".
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New York Heart Association (NYHA) Functional Classification
by Aashish - 3036 reads, based on 3 votes
The New York Heart Association (NYHA) Functional Classification provides a simple way of classifying the extent of heart failure. It places patients in one of four categories based on how much they are limited during physical activity:
I No symptoms and no limitation in ordinary physical activity.
II Mild symptoms and slight limitation during ordinary activity.
Comfortable at rest.
III Marked limitation in activity due to symptoms, even during less-than-ordinary activity.
Comfortable only at rest.
IV Severe limitations. Experiences symptoms even while at rest.
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Hyperthyroidism
by doctor_uae - 1466 reads, based on 5 votes
CRETINISM: Congenital hypothyroidism, leading to retardation and deficient growth.
CLINICAL:
Baby born with puffy eyelids, narrow palpebral fissures (similar to Down's Syndrome), protruded tongue. Infants are apathetic and sluggish, poor growth and failure to thrive. Often see refractory anemia and dilated heart. ...
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Huntington’s Disease
by tegs - 2989 reads, based on 3 votes
This topic was recently asked in AIIMS May 2004 Paper, so we present it as an contentious topic here.
Summary
Degenerative neuropsychiatric disorder
Slowly progressive cognitive, emotional, and motor decline
90% insidious mid-life onset (35-50 years); 10% juvenile onset (...
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Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
by medicol - 1136 reads, based on 2 votes
Like all congenital conditions, this appears at birth and is an enlargement of the adrenal glands, which sit just above the kidney. They produce hormones that control the growth of the body, the development of sex organs and the way the body reacts to stress.
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Huntingtons disease
by hanif - 831 reads, 0 votes
Huntington's chorea was first described by American physician George Sumner Huntington (1850–1916). Now called Huntington’s disease, it affects about 1 person in 20,000 and occurs all over the world. It is an inherited condition.
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Interpretation of Pulmonary Function Tests
by RespiXP - 2227 reads, based on 4 votes
In general, this is my approach to interpreting a pulmonary function test: First, I look at the FEV1/FVC ratio. If this is below 75%, an obstructive ventilatory defect is present. If the ratio is above 75%, are the FVC and FEV1 low? If so, a restrictive ventilatory defect is likely and I next look at the lung volume section. ...
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ECG Tutorial
by Jo van Schalkwyk - 10930 reads, based on 17 votes
When cell membranes in the heart depolarise, voltages change and currents flow.
Because a human can be regarded as a bag of salt water (with baad attitude), in other words,
a volume conductor, changes in potential are transmitted throughout the body, and
can be measured. When the heart depolarises, it's convenient (and fairly accurate) to
represent the electrical activity as a dipole --- a vector between two point charges.
Remember that a vector has both a size (magnitude), and a direction.
By looking at how the potential varies around the volume conductor, one can get an idea
of the direction of the vector. This applies to all intra-cardiac events, so we can
talk about a ve...
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Syndromes related to anatomic localization of epilepsy
by - 1234 reads, based on 1 vote
Frontal lobe epilepsy
Seizure type
simple partial and complex partial
often rapid secondary generalization
status epilepticus is frequent
Symptoms
versive movements of the head
prominent motor manifestations, which are tonic or
postural, especially in the legs
complex gestural automatisms at onset
Special features
short seizures, several times a day and often during
sleep
despite impairment of consciousness, often minimal
or no postictal confusion
sometimes mistaken for psychogenic seizures
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Complications of Acute Myocardial Infarction
by Guest - 1923 reads, based on 2 votes
CHEST PAIN:
N.B. Ischaemic until proven otherwise.
ISCHAEMIC:
? angina - within ten days of M.I. _ if refractory / at rest / minimal activity > Angiography ? M.I. extension - approx 20 % of post thrombolysis pt's - ST / T wave changes in affected leads - ? re - thrombolysis / PTCA ...
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Hemochromatosis
by Guest - 1757 reads, based on 1 vote
Definition
Hemochromatosis is a disease due to increased iron absorption that leads to accumulation of iron in diverse tissues. ...
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Porphyrias: Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis and Treatment
by Guest - 2174 reads, based on 3 votes
Definition
Porphyrias are inherited or adquired diseases that result from an abnormal metabolism of heme biosynthesis pathway. The main causes are enzyme deficiencies that lead to heme pathways intermediates accumulation. Heme biosynthesis occurs almost entirely in the liver and bone marrow and is composed by eight reactions, each one of these being catalyzed by an especific enzyme. Therefore, partial or complete deficiency of one of these enzymes result in diferents clinical pictures. We will focus our discussion mainly on clinical grounds.
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The Devic's Devilry
by akanksha - 2459 reads, based on 8 votes
DEVIC'S disease,also known as neuromyelitis optica.
Introduction:
As the name suggests,it affects the nervous system esp the spinal cord and the optic nerve.
this is considered to be a variant of multiple sclerosis,a post viral encephalomyelitis,perhaps varicella as the causal element;although another school of thought says,its a separate entity,may be with an autoimmune etiology....
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The Aching Heart!
by akanksha - 2679 reads, based on 6 votes
We all know,narrowing of coronary artery by an atheromatous plaque causes angina.
upto 70% narrowing,patients remain asymptomatic,because of vasodilator reserve.
here are few different types of angina,...
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AIDS ---the most common
by doctorgirl78 - 1082 reads, 0 votes
· Kaposi sarcoma is the most common AIDS-related tumor in homosexual men and in populations in parts of Africa
· Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is the second most common AIDS-associated neoplasm
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Supranuclear Gaze Palsy
by tegs - 1001 reads, based on 1 vote
A supranuclear gaze palsy is an inability to look in a particular direction as a result of cerebral impairment. There is a loss of the voluntary aspect of eye movements, but, as the brainstem is still intact, all the reflex conjugate eye movements are normal....
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Pick's Disease
by RxPG - 1143 reads, based on 3 votes
Alternative names
Lobar sclerosis; Circumscribed brain atrophy; Fronto-temporal dementia; Arnold Pick's disease; Focal cerebral atrophy
Definition
A disorder which produces deterioration in mental function caused by loss of brain tissue in discrete areas (focal lesions). Pick's disease is marked by the presence of abnormalities in brain cells (Pick's bodies) which can be found in the affected areas and elsewhere in the brain.
Causes, incidence, and risk factors
Pick's disease is a rare disorder similar to senile dementia/Alzheimer's type. What differentiates it from A...
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Multiple System Atrophy
by RxPG - 1176 reads, 0 votes
Alternative names
Shy-Drager syndrome; Neurologic orthostatic hypotension; Shy-McGee-Drager syndrome; Parkinson's plus syndrome
Definition
Multiple system atrophy is a degenerative disorder characterized by the following:
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Decorticate Posture
by RxPG - 1643 reads, based on 1 vote
Definition
Decorticate posture is an abnormal posturing exemplified by rigidity, flexion of the arms, clenched fists, and extended legs. The person holds the arms bent and inward toward the body with the wrists and fingers bent and held on the chest. Presence of this type of posturing implies severe damage to the brain with immediate need for medical attention. ...
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Decerebrate Posture
by - 2888 reads, based on 1 vote
Definition
Decerebrate posture is an abnormal posturing exemplified by rigid extension of the arms with internal rotation, extension of the legs with internal rotation and downward pointing of the toes, and retraction (backward arching) of the head due to a severe injury to the brain at the level of the brainstem or diffuse cortical dysfunction.
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