mdali007
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agents indicated for treatment of patient's condition?
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04.11.05 (3 years ago)
#1
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A 66-year-old male presents with chronic fatigue. On examination, the patient is noted to have lymphadenopathy and an enlarged liver and spleen. Laboratory examination reveals a white blood cell count of 25,000/µL with 93% lymphocytes; the lymphocytes appear small and mature. Both the hematocrit and platelet counts are within normal limits; however, hypogammaglobulinemia is also noted. Which of the following agents is indicated for treatment of this patient's condition? bbd
Options:
A. Chlorambucil.
B. Cisplatin.
C. Dacarbazine.
D. Tamoxifen.
E. Vinblastine.
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mdali007
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04.13.05 (3 years ago)
#2
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The correct answer is A.
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is typically a disease of the elderly, with 90% of cases occurring after the age of 50; the median age is 65. Patients will typically present with a complaint of chronic fatigue and/or lymphadenopathy. Approximately 50% of all patients with CLL present with an enlarged liver and/or spleen. CLL typically pursues an indolent course but can occasionally present as a rapidly progressive disease. The hallmark of CLL is the isolated lymphocytosis in which the white blood cell count is usually greater than 20,000/µL and between 75% and [snip]% of the circulating cells are small "mature" lymphocytes. Chlorambucil is classified as a nitrogen mustard, a subcategory of the alkylating agents. It is primarily used to treat chronic lymphocytic leukemia and ovarian carcinoma; it can also be used to treat Hodgkin's disease and various other lymphomas.
Cisplatin (choice B) is an alkylating agent indicated for the treatment of metastatic testicular and ovarian tumors in combination with other agents.
Dacarbazine (choice C) is a cytotoxic agent with alkylating properties. It is used as a single agent or in combination with other antineoplastics in the treatment of metastatic malignant melanoma, refractory Hodgkin's disease, and various sarcomas.
Tamoxifen (choice D) is an antiestrogen hormone used in the palliative treatment of breast cancer in patients with estrogen-receptor-positive breast cancer.
Vinblastine (choice E) is a mitotic inhibitor antineoplastic agent indicated for the treatment of Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, choriocarcinoma, lymphosarcoma, and neuroblastoma, as well as various other types of cancer.
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