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drsmriti03 · Credits: 7488 My Scrapbook

total of 10,000 Vietnam veterans, half of whom are known by combat records to have been in areas where Agent Orange was used and half of whom are know to have been in areas where no Agent Orange was used, are asked to give a history of cancer since discharge. This scenario best illustrates which one of the following?

1) case series report
2) case-control study
3) clinical trial
4) cohort study
5) case report
A pediatrician hypothesizes that children who consume large amounts of a particular food additive are more likely to be hyperactive than children who do not. To test this hypothesis, he interviews the parents of 100 hyperactive children (identified from the medical records of six child psychiatrists) and 100 children undergoing treatment by one of the same six physicians for other behavioural problems to determine the dietary habits of their children over the preceding two years. This study is an example of which one of the following?

1) cohort study
2) case-control study
3) cross-sectional prevalence survey
4) case series report
5) non-randomized controlled trial
A total of 300 newly diagnosed patients with laryngeal cancer are allocated to treatment with either surgical excision alone or surgical excision plus radiation treatment. This scenario best illustrates which one of the following?

1) case series report
2) case-control study
3) clinical trial
4) cohort study
5) case report

In order to study the possible association between hair dye and cancer, the most feasible study design would be which one of the following?

1) randomized controlled trial
2) case-control study
3) cohort study
4) focus groups
5) case series report

In a randomized controlled clinical trial, the purpose of randomization is to

1) keep the study subjects "blind" to treatment received.
2) keep the observers "blind" to treatment received.
3) get a random sample of the population for treatment.
4) minimize the bias between the two groups.
A total of 3500 patients with thyroid cancer are identified and surveyed by patient interviews regarding past exposure to radiation. This scenario best illustrates which one of the following?

1) case series report
2) case-control study
3) clinical trial
4) cohort study
5) case report

ujwals · Credits: 4860 My Scrapbook

total of 10,000 Vietnam veterans, half of whom are known by combat records to have been in areas where Agent Orange was used and half of whom are know to have been in areas where no Agent Orange was used, are asked to give a history of cancer since discharge. This scenario best illustrates which one of the following?

1) case series report
2) case-control study
3) clinical trial
4) cohort study
5) case report
ANS - case control

A pediatrician hypothesizes that children who consume large amounts of a particular food additive are more likely to be hyperactive than children who do not. To test this hypothesis, he interviews the parents of 100 hyperactive children (identified from the medical records of six child psychiatrists) and 100 children undergoing treatment by one of the same six physicians for other behavioural problems to determine the dietary habits of their children over the preceding two years. This study is an example of which one of the following?

1) cohort study
2) case-control study
3) cross-sectional prevalence survey
4) case series report
5) non-randomized controlled trial
ANS - prevalence study

A total of 300 newly diagnosed patients with laryngeal cancer are allocated to treatment with either surgical excision alone or surgical excision plus radiation treatment. This scenario best illustrates which one of the following?

1) case series report
2) case-control study
3) clinical trial
4) cohort study
5) case report
ANS - cohort

In order to study the possible association between hair dye and cancer, the most feasible study design would be which one of the following?

1) randomized controlled trial
2) case-control study
3) cohort study
4) focus groups
5) case series report
ANS - cohort

In a randomized controlled clinical trial, the purpose of randomization is to

1) keep the study subjects "blind" to treatment received.
2) keep the observers "blind" to treatment received.
3) get a random sample of the population for treatment.
4) minimize the bias between the two groups.
ANS - minimise bias

A total of 3500 patients with thyroid cancer are identified and surveyed by patient interviews regarding past exposure to radiation. This scenario best illustrates which one of the following?

1) case series report
2) case-control study
3) clinical trial
4) cohort study
5) case report
ANS -case control

drsmriti03 · Credits: 7488 My Scrapbook

for 3Q it should be clinical trial

mickey_p · Credits: 652 My Scrapbook

Lets take it question by question (get our principles right first)

Q - total of 10,000 Vietnam veterans, half of whom are known by combat records to have been in areas where Agent Orange was used and half of whom are know to have been in areas where no Agent Orange was used, are asked to give a history of cancer since discharge. This scenario best illustrates which one of the following?

1) case series report
2) case-control study
3) clinical trial
4) cohort study
5) case report

To begin with, we need to define the 'cause' and 'effect' in the study. Clearly Agent Orange is the cause and Cancer is the effect.

What is the direction of inquiry..... its from cause to effect. In the cohort (10000 veterans), we retrospectively started with the exposure history and moved forward towards cancer occurance.... thus it is 'retrospective' cohort study (Ans 4).

Similarly we can discuss the other scenarios as well... (is the second study is case control?)

Dr Manish

shuvo · Credits: 4595 My Scrapbook My Reading List 11 Books

1. Cohort ( retrospectrive)

1/2 of respondents exposed to cause ( agent orange) and 1/2 were not......both group asked for cancer occurance ( effect)...so retrospective cohort

2. Case-control...

physician finds 2 groups- one hyperactive ( cases) and the another not so (? matching is difficult) [ controls]...then tries to elicit dietary history to find any possible exposure of additives (risk)

3. Typical clinical trial...one group allocated to get a particular treatment and the other to get a different treatment...

4. Both cohort and case-control can measure an association but considering difficulties in finding match, cohort is the most feasible disign to assess association

5. Obviously to minimize bias between 2 groups

6. Case-control.....

Orthopedician1 · Credits: 1513 My Scrapbook

Hi drs.,

Please check TN ,cohort is a prospective & not a retrospective study.

ashy_kumar · Credits: 258 My Scrapbook

Q6. pts of thyroid ca are asked for h/o exposure to radiation but there is no control group....hence it is not a case-control study but a case series....

Q1. yes i agree it is a retro spective type of cohort study..

shravani · Credits: 6427 My Scrapbook

A particular association determines membership on the basis of members' IQ scores. Only those persons who
have documented IQ scores at least 2 standard deviations above the mean on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence
Scale (WAIS) are eligible for admission. Of a group of 200 people randomly selected from the population at
large, how many would be eligible for membership to this society?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 3

D. 4

E. 5

shravani · Credits: 6427 My Scrapbook

Explanation:

The correct answer is E. 95% of a normally distributed population will fall between plus or minus 1.96 standard
deviations from the mean. Since the population is normally distributed with regard to IQ, this means that
approximately 2.5% of the population will have IQ scores 2 standard deviations or more above the mean, and
2.5% of the population will have IQ scores 2 standard deviations or more below the mean. 2.5% of 200 people
is 5 people.

shravani · Credits: 6427 My Scrapbook

An urban health department reports the infant mortality rate of the city in the past year. This value corresponds
to which of the following?

A. The number of deaths during the past year from all causes divided by the total population

B. The number of deaths occurring after the first 4 weeks of life and before the first birthday divided by
the total number of live births

C. The number of deaths occurring until the first birthday divided by the total number of live
births

D. The number of deaths occurring within the first 4 weeks of life divided by the total number of births

E. The number of deaths occurring within the first 4 weeks of life divided by the total number of live
births

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