Page 1 of 4: ANATOMY: Quick Review - Joints - USMLE Step 1

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Hiya!

This is a short and important information about all the joints. First I am starting with joints. In the future i will try to post other sections too.

I hope that this would help those doing USMLE step-1

Your comments are welcome.

Thanks

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GLENOHUMERAL JOINT
(Shoulder Joint)

Articular surfaces:

Head of humerus --> glenoid cavity of scapula

Glenoid labrum - A fibrous and fibrocartilaginous cuff surrounds the glenoid cavity. In part it may function to provide stability to the glenohumeral joint, and it may play a role in dislocations of this joint. Above the fossa is a supraglenoid tubercle, and below is a thickened ridge of bone, the infraglenoid tubercle

Articular capsule present- The articular capsule completely encircles the joint, being attached, above, to the circumference of the glenoid cavity beyond the glenoidal labrum

Ligaments:

Coracohumeral ligament -This ligament is a broad band which strengthens the upper part of the capsule. It arises from the lateral border of the coracoid process, and passes obliquely downward and lateralward to the front of the greater tubercle of the humerus.

Movements:

The shoulder-joint is capable of every variety of movement, flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction, and rotation.

Clinical considerations:

Shoulder dislocations

Anterior dislocation
Posterior dislocation
Inferior dislocation

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The ELBOW consists of three articulations among the humerus, Ulnar , and radial bones:

Humeroulnar joint

Where flexion and extension of the forearm occur, is reinforced by the ulnar collateral ligament. A tear of this ligament permits abnormal abduction of the forearm.

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Humeroradial Joint

Where flexion and extension of the forearm occur, is reinforced by the radial collateral ligament. A tear of this ligament permits abnormal adduction of the forearm .

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Radioulnar joint

Where pronation and supination of the forearm occur, is reinforced by the annular ligament.

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ELBOW REGION
================

Clinical considerations:

Nursemaid elbow is a severe distal traction of the radius

Lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow)

Medial epicondylitis (Golferelbow)

Supracondylar fracture of the humerus

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WRIST AND HAND REGION
=======================

The wrist (radiocarpal) joint is the articulation of the concave distal end of the radius with the scaphoid and lunate carpal bones. Flexion ; Extension ; abduction ; adduction of the hand occur at the wrist. The ulnar bone plays a minor role at this joint.

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The metacarpophalangeal (MP) joint is located between the metacarpals and the proximal phalanx.

Movements:

Flexion ; Adduction ; abduction

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The proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint is located between the proximal and middle phalanges.

Movements:

Flexion

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The distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint is located between the middle and distal phalanges.

Movements:

Flexion

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